[Description 1 (て-form)], [Description 2 (て-form)], ... + [Final description/verb]
Young and Beautiful
Adj/Noun Te-forms for Joining Sentences
JLPT N5Structure
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Basic Structure
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Explanation
To combine two descriptive elements into one sentence in Japanese, you use the て-form not only with verbs, but also with adjectives and nouns. It’s a super useful way to describe multiple things smoothly, like: “clean and beautiful”, “Japanese and kind”, “cheap and delicious”
🧩 How to Conjugate:
| Type | Base Form | Te-form | Rule | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| い-adjective | 忙しい (busy) | 忙しくて | ➡️ Drop the final い, add くて | 今週は忙しくて、疲れています。 → This week is busy and I’m tired. |
| い-adjective | いい (good) (irregular) | よくて | ➡️ Irregular form: よい → よくて | 昨日の天気はよくて、公園に行きました。 → Yesterday’s weather was good, so we went to the park. |
| な-adjective | 便利(な) (convenient) | 便利で | ➡️ Add で after the adjective stem (no “な”) | このアプリは便利で、無料です。 → This app is convenient and free. |
| Noun + です | 学生です (is a student) | 学生で | ➡️ Remove です, and add で | 田中さんは学生で、17歳です。 → Tanaka-san is a student and 17 years old. |
✨ Notes & Real-Life Usage:
- The last word in the chain sets the tense. So even if earlier parts describe the past, the final です or でした determines everything.
- This pattern works for both present and past tense sentences
- You can connect multiple elements with te-forms in a single sentence
- This structure is especially common in everyday conversation (food, people, or opinions, feeling) so you should Master this form!
Examples
私の姉は綺麗で、若いです。
My older sister is beautiful and young.
この町は小さくて、静かで、安全です。
This town is small, quiet, and safe.
この本は安くて、面白いです。
This book is cheap and interesting.
私の友達は日本人で、元気な人です。
My friend is Japanese and a lively person.
東京は人が多くて、にぎやかだ。
Tokyo is crowded and lively.