๐Ÿดโœจ ๆ—งๆญฃๆœˆใ€ๆ˜Žใ‘ใพใ—ใฆใŠใ‚ใงใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™๏ผ๐Ÿ˜Š Happy Lunar New Year 2026 โ€” Year of the Horse! ๐ŸŽ Wishing everyone health, happiness, and success! ๐Ÿ˜„โœจ๐Ÿฎ
๐Ÿ˜… Sorry for the quiet month โ€” we're back on track! ๐Ÿ’ช New tests and features are coming soon. Thank you for sticking with us โ€” your support means a lot! ๐Ÿ˜Šโค๏ธ Happy New Year! ๐ŸŽ‰

Genki Lesson 9

N5
Genki Lesson 9

Past Tense Short Forms

๐Ÿ“
Pattern: ใŸ/ใ , ใ‹ใฃใŸ, ใ ใฃใŸ,...
๐Ÿ’ฌ
Meaning:
โ„น๏ธ
Usage:
Example

ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใใฎใ† ๅ‹้”ใจใ‚‚ใ ใก ใจ ๆ˜ ็”ปใˆใ„ใŒ ใ‚’ ่ฆ‹ใฟใŸใ€‚

Yesterday, I watched a movie with a friend.

Genki Lesson 9

Past Tense Short Forms in Informal Speech

๐Ÿ“
Pattern:
๐Ÿ’ฌ
Meaning:
โ„น๏ธ
Usage:
Example

A: ่ฉฆ้จ“ใ—ใ‘ใ‚“ ใฉใ†ใ ใฃใŸ๏ผŸB: ๅคงๅค‰ใŸใ„ใธใ‚“ ใ ใฃใŸ๏ผๆ™‚้–“ใ˜ใ‹ใ‚“ ใŒ ่ถณใŸใ‚Šใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚

A: How was the exam? B: It was tough! There wasn't enough time.

Genki Lesson 9

Past Tense Short Forms in Quoted Speech

๐Ÿ“
Pattern:

Past Tense + ใจ[ๆ€|ใŠใ‚‚]ใ„ใพใ™

Past Tense + ใจ[่จ€|ใ„]ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ

๐Ÿ’ฌ
Meaning: I think, someone said, ...
โ„น๏ธ
Usage: Quoting something that happened in the past.
Example

ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใใฎใ† ใฎ ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆ] ใฏ [้›ฃใ‚€ใšใ‹ใ—ใใชใ‹ใฃใŸ ใจๆ€ใŠใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚

I think yesterday's test wasn't difficult.

Genki Lesson 9

Qualifying Nouns with Verbs & Adj

๐Ÿ“
Pattern: [Verb in ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ form] + [Noun]
๐Ÿ’ฌ
Meaning: someone/something that is ___ing
โ„น๏ธ
Usage: Describe someone based on their current actions or ongoing state.
Example

็Šฌใ„ใฌ ใจ ้Šใ‚ใใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ ๅญใฉใ‚‚ใ“ใฉใ‚‚ ใฏ ็ง ใฎ ๅผŸใŠใจใ†ใจ ใงใ™ใ€‚

The child playing with the dog is my little brother.

N5
Genki Lesson 9

ใ‚‚ใ†ใ€œใพใ—ใŸ

๐Ÿ“
Pattern: ใ‚‚ใ† + [verb in ใพใ—ใŸ form]
๐Ÿ’ฌ
Meaning: I have already ...
โ„น๏ธ
Usage: When you want to say youโ€™ve already done something.
Example

ใ“ใฎ ๆ˜ ็”ปใˆใ„ใŒ ใฏ ใ‚‚ใ† ่ฆ‹ใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚

Iโ€™ve already seen this movie.

N5
Genki Lesson 9

ใพใ ใ€œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“

๐Ÿ“
Pattern: ใพใ  + [verb in ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ form]
๐Ÿ’ฌ
Meaning: I havenโ€™t ... yet
โ„น๏ธ
Usage: When you want to say you havenโ€™t done something yet
Example

ใพใ  ๅฎฟ้กŒใ—ใ‚…ใใ ใ„ ใ‚’ ็ต‚ใŠใˆ ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚

I havenโ€™t finished the homework yet.

N5
Genki Lesson 9

Explanation ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Situationใ€‚

๐Ÿ“
Pattern: [Explanation] + ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€[Situation]ใ€‚
๐Ÿ’ฌ
Meaning: because, since, therefore,...
โ„น๏ธ
Usage:
Example

ใŠ้‡‘ใŠใ‹ใญ ใŒ ใชใ„] ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€[ๆ—…่กŒใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ“ใ† ใซ ่กŒใ„ใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚

I canโ€™t go on a trip because I have no money.

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