~ ใฏ ~ ใงใ
X ใฏ Y ใงใ
ใใใ ใฏ ๅญฆ็ ใงใใ
I am a student.
X ใฏ Y ใงใ
ใใใ ใฏ ๅญฆ็ ใงใใ
I am a student.
[Statement] + ใ
ใใชใ ใฏ ๆฅๆฌไบบ ใงใใใ
Are you Japanese?
N1 ใฎ N2
ๅใ ใก ใฎ ๅๅใไฝ๏ผ
Whatโs your friendโs name?
้ป่ป ใฎๆน ใ [ใใน] ใใ ใฏใใใงใใ
Trains are faster than buses.
ๆ ใจ ๆผ ใจ ๅค ใฎไธญใงใๅคใ ใใกใฐใ ้ใใงใใ
Among morning, afternoon, and night, night is the quietest.
่ตคใ ใใใ] ใจ [้ใ ใฎใใฉใฃใกใๅฅฝใ๏ผ
Which do you like better, red apples or the blue one?
ๅคใฏ้ใใใ้ฃในใ ใคใใ ใงใใใใใใถใ้ฃในใกใใใพใใใ
I intended to eat vegetables tonight, but ended up eating pizza.
็ ใ ใชใใพใใใ
I got sleepy.
ไฝใ ้ฃใน ใพใใใ๏ผ
Did you eat something?
ๆฅๆฌ ใซ ่กใ ใใ ใงใใ
I want to go to Japan.
้ฑๆซ ใฏ ่ฒทใ็ฉ ใซ ่กใฃใใใๅ้ ใจ ่ฉฑใใ ใ ใใพใใ
On weekends, I do things like go shopping and chat with friends.
ๆฅๆฌ ใฎ ๆธฉๆณ ใซ ๅ ฅใฃใ ใใจใใใใพใใ
Iโve been in a Japanese hot spring before.
็ซ ใ ็ฌ ใ ๅฅฝใใงใใ
I like animals like cats and dogs.
ใกใใฃใจ ๆฅใใง ใใ ใใงใใ
I'm in a bit of a hurry (that's why I'm rushing).
ใใผใใฃใผใง ้ฃใน ใใใฆ ่ฆใใใชใฃใใ
I ate too much at the party and felt sick.
ๆฉใ ๅฏใ ใปใใใใใงใ ใใ
Youโd better go to bed early.
้ป่ป ใ ๆญขใพใฃใ ใฎใงใๆญฉใใพใใใ
I walked because the train stopped.
ใใ ใฏ ็ง ใฎ ๆฌ ใงใใ
This is my book.(Situtation: Speaker is holding a book directly in their hands)
ใใฎ / ใใฎ / ใใฎ / ใฉใฎ + Noun
ใใฎ ๆฌ ใฏ ้ข็ฝใ ใงใใ
This book is interesting. (near the speaker)
ใ ใใฎ + [noun]ย
ใ ใใฎ ้ ใงใใ๏ผ
Whose bag is this?
็ฐไธญ ใใ ใฏ ๆฅๆฌไบบ ใงใใๅฑฑ็ฐ ใใ ใ ๆฅๆฌไบบ ใงใใ
Tanaka-san is Japanese. Yamada-san is also Japanese.
(X ใฏ) Y ใใใชใใงใ / ใใใใใพใใ / ใงใฏใใใพใใ.
็งใฏ ๅญฆ็ ใใใชใใงใใไผ็คพๅก ใงใใ
I am not a student, I am a company employee.
็ง ใฏ ๆฏๆฅ ๆ ใ้ฃฏ ใ ้ฃในใใ
I eat breakfast every day.
็ง ใฏ ๆฏๆฅ ๆฌ ใ ่ชญใใใ
I read books every day. (casual, affirmative, ru-verb)
็ง ใฏ ๆฌ ใ ่ชญใฟใพใใ
I read a book.
ๅณๆธ้คจ ใง ๆฌ ใ ่ชญใฟใพใใใ
I read a book at the library.
[goal of movement/time/location of existence] + ใซ + verb
ๅญฆๆ ก ใซ ่กใใพใใ
I go to school.
[destination/direction] + ใธ/ใซ + verb of motion
ๅ ฌๅใธๆฃๆญฉใซ่กใใพใใใ
I went for a walk to the park.
(place ใซ)ใ+ย thing ใใใใพใ/ person ใใใใพใ
ๆๅฎค ใซ ๆบ ใ ใใใพใใ
There are desks in the classroom.
้่ก ใฏ ้ง ใฎ ๅณ ใงใใ
The bank is to the right of the station.
Present: ~ใงใ, ~ใใใชใใงใ
Past: ~ใงใใ , ~ใใใชใใฃใใงใ
ๆฑไบฌ ใฏ ๅคงใใ ้ฝๅธ ใงใใ
Tokyo is a big city.
็ง ใฏ ๆจๆฅ ใใณใใผใฌใผ ใ ้ฃในใพใใ
I ate a hamburger yesterday.
Replace ใ / ใฏ / ใ with ใ
OR attach ใ after other particles like ใซ / ใง, depending on the sentence
็ง ใฏ ใณใผใใผ ใๅฅฝใใงใใ็ด ่ถ ใ ๅฅฝใใงใใ
I like coffee. I like tea too.
ๅฆน ใฏ ๅฎฟ้ก ใ ไบๆ้ ็ตใใใใพใใใ
My younger sister finished her homework in two hours.
Affirmative: ใ-adj/ใช-adj + ใงใ
Negative: ใ-adj: ~ ใใชใใงใ, ใช-adj: ~ใใใชใใงใ
ใใฎ ๆ ่ก ใฏ ๆฅฝใใ ใงใใ
This trip is fun.
ใ-adj: [stem] + ใใฃใ ใงใ
ใช-adj: [stem] + ใใใชใใฃใใงใ
ๆฅๆฌ่ชใฎ่ฉฆ้จใฏ้ฃใ ใใฃใใงใใ
The Japanese exam was difficult.
ใ-Adjectives: [ใ-adjective] + [noun]
ใช-Adjectives: [ใช-adjective] + ใช + [noun]
ๆจๆฅใ็ง ใฏ ๆฐใใ ๆฌ ใ ่ฒทใใพใใ ใงใใใ
Yesterday, I didn't buy a new book.
็ง ใฏ ๆฅๆฌ่ช ใฎ ๆๆฅญ ใ ๅฅฝใใงใใ
I like Japanese class.
ๆๆฅใๅณๆธ้คจ ใง ไธ็ท ใซ ๅๅผทใ ใพใใใใ
Let's study together at the library tomorrow.
Item + Number + Counter
ๅญฆ็ ใใก ใฏ ๅ็ ใ ไธ ๆ ใจใใพใใใ
The students took three photos.
ๆฌ ใ ่ชญใใง ๅๅผท ใใพใใ
I read a book and study.
ใใข ใ ้ใใฆ ใใ ใใใ
Please close the door.
ๆ ใ้ฃฏ ใ ้ฃในใฆใๆญฏ ใ ็ฃจใใฆใๅญฆๆ ก ใซ ่กใใพใใใ
I ate breakfast, brushed my teeth, and went to school.
ๅณๆธ้คจ ใง ่ฉฑใ ใฆใฏใใใพใใใ
You must not talk in the library.
[situation]ใ[explanation] ใใใ
ไปๆฅ ใฏ ๅฏใ ใใใไธ็ ใ ็ ใพใใ
It's cold today, so I'll wear a jacket.
็ช ใ ้ใ ใพใใใใใ
Shall I open the window?
ไป ๅฎฟ้ก ใ ใใฆใใพใใ
I'm doing homework right now.
็ฐไธญ|ใใชใ] ใใใฏ ็ตๅฉ ใใฆ ใใพใใ
Mr. Tanaka is married.
็ฐไธญ|ใใชใ] ใใใฏ ็ฎ ใ ๅคงใใ ใงใใ
Tanaka-san has big eyes.
[Description 1 (ใฆ-form)], [Description 2 (ใฆ-form)], ... + [Final description/verb]
็ง ใฎ ๅง ใฏ ็ถบ้บ ใงใ ่ฅใ ใงใใ
My older sister is beautiful and young.
[Destination] ใซ/ใธ + [Purpose of movement (Verb Stem)] + ใซ + ่กใ๏ผๆฅใ๏ผๅธฐใ
ใณใณใใ] ใซ [ใๅผๅฝ ใ ่ฒท ใ ใซ ่ก ใใพใใ
I'm going to the convenience store to buy a lunch box.
ๆๅฎค ใซ ๅญฆ็ ใ ไธไบบ ใใพใใ
There are seven students in the classroom.
ไปๆฅ ๆ ็ป ใ ่ฆ ใชใ๏ผ
Wanna watch a movie today? (casual, short form)
ไฝ ใ ้ฃในใ?
What will you eat? (informal)
[Short form] + ใจ[ๆ|ใใ]ใใพใ: I think
[Short form] + ใจ[่จ|ใ]ใฃใฆใใพใใ: They said
ๆๆฅ ใฏ ้จ ใ ้ ใ ใจๆ ใใพใใ
I think it will rain tomorrow. (formal)
[Person] ใฏ [Verb (dictionary form)] + ใฎใ + [ๅฅฝใ๏ผใใใ๏ผไธๆ๏ผไธๆ] ใงใ
็ง ใฏ ๆฌ ใ ่ชญ ใ ใฎใ ๅฅฝใ ใงใใ
I like reading books.
Subject + ใ + Predicate
ๆจๆฅ ๅ้ ใจ ๆ ็ป ใ ่ฆใใ
Yesterday, I watched a movie with a friend.
A: ่ฉฆ้จ ใฉใใ ใฃใ๏ผB: ๅคงๅค ใ ใฃใ๏ผๆ้ ใ ่ถณใใชใใฃใใ
A: How was the exam? B: It was tough! There wasn't enough time.
Past Tense + ใจ[ๆ|ใใ]ใใพใ
Past Tense + ใจ[่จ|ใ]ใฃใฆใใพใใ
ๆจๆฅ ใฎ ใในใ] ใฏ [้ฃใใใชใใฃใ ใจๆใใพใใ
I think yesterday's test wasn't difficult.
็ฌ ใจ ้ใใงใใ ๅญใฉใ ใฏ ็ง ใฎ ๅผ ใงใใ
The child playing with the dog is my little brother.
ใใฎ ๆ ็ป ใฏ ใใ ่ฆใพใใใ
Iโve already seen this movie.
ใพใ ๅฎฟ้ก ใ ็ตใ ใฆใใพใใใ
I havenโt finished the homework yet.